Feasibility Test for Learning Innovation on Arabic Teaching in Indonesian Higher Education: Study on Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida’i

The emergency of the new era, namely industrial era 4.0, is a challenge and opportunity in all aspects of life, including education’s field. Along with the emergence of challenges and opportunities, there needs to be new breakthroughs in innovation for developing the learning courses, namely Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i. This course is a compulsory subject for students of the Department of Arabic Letter, Faculty of Letters, State University of Malang (JSA, FS, UM). This study was designed to test the feasibility of android-based Arabic language learning innovations in tertiary institutions. The subjects of this study were students of JSA, FS, UM as respondents, lecturers of educational technology departments, UM as media experts and lecturers of arabic letter, UM as material experts. The results of the validation test of Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i's teaching materials product conducted by material experts are 95%, which means these teaching materials are very valid and very feasible to be used in learning. The results of validation from media experts, the value of this product is 95.38% means that this teaching material is very valid and very feasible to be used in learning. While the average results of the assessment from correspondents amounted to 82.35%, meaning that these teaching material products are very valid and sifted worthy to be used in learning Keyword: Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i, feasibility test Abstrak Munculnya era baru yaitu era industri 4.0 menjadi tantangan dan peluang dalam segala aspek kehidupan dan termasuk di dalamnya yaitu dunia pendidikan. Seiring munculnya tantangan dan peluang tersebut perlu adanya terobosan baru dalam inovasi pengembangan matakuliah, salah satunya pada Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida’i. Mata kuliah ini merupakan matakuliah wajib bagi mahasiswa Jurusan Sastra Arab, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Negeri Malang (JSA, FS, UM). Penelitian ini dirancang untuk menguji kelayakan terhadap inovasi pembelajaran bahasa arab berbasis android Moh. Fauzan, Titis Thoriquttyas, Moch. Wahib Dariyadi: Feasibility Test for Learning Innovation on Arabic Teaching in Indonesian Higher Education: Study on Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida’i


INTRODUCTION
Teaching materials play an important role in the learning process. Teaching material is not only a guideline that must be learned in every learning stages, but also becomes learning material and training for students 1 . Teaching materials are classified into two based on whether they are printed or not, namely printed and non-printed teaching materials 2 . With the emergence of a new era, namely the industrial era 4.0, non-printed teaching materials are certainly very necessary to answer the challenge.
The emergence of industrial era 4.0, is a challenge and opportunity in all aspects of life, including the education 3 . Currently, the biggest book circulation is still dominated by printed books, this is certainly an opportunity to come up with non-printed books as a solution to the era of the industrial revolution 4.0, one of which is through the preparation of non-printed books that can be made based on android applications.
This research focuses on the development of Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i course teaching material which is a compulsory subject for students of the Department of Arabic letter, Faculty of Letters, State University of Malang (JSA, FS, UM). Along with the emergence of the industrial revolution 4.0 era, there Moh. Fauzan, Titis Thoriquttyas, Moch.  needs to be a new breakthrough in this course, one of these breakthroughs is the preparation of Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i learning innovations with a focus on Android-based teaching materials. Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i is a compulsory subject that must be taken by students of JSA UM. This course is a preamble or as an introduction to understanding Arabic grammar material (nahwu and sharf) 4 . This course was presented before the Tarkib Mukatstsaf Tsanawi course and the prerequisites for taking Nahwu I.
Based on the observations of researchers, some students consider tarkib subjects, both nahwu or sharf, to be difficult subjects. This is one of the problems that must be formulated. In research conducted by Humairoh, Arina Faiqoh, and Faisal Hendra (2018) there were two things that caused the low motivation of students, namely due to internal and external problems 5 . The internal problematic is the feeling of fear when learning, lacking certain subjects, lack of vocabulary mastery, feeling lazy, and lack of confidence. The external problematic is the absence of bi'ah Arabiyyah (Arabic language environment) in the student environment, the lack of conditions that force students to learn Arabic, not all lecturers are able to understand the individual differences of each student, the compulsion to choose majors Arabic from family or other people, and different school backgrounds between one student and another.
Therefore, it is necessary to have an interesting breakthrough to overcome the problems of these students when learning Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i material. Among these interesting breakthroughs is to develop teaching materials based on the Android application Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i.
The previous research related to nahwu has been carried out by Hanafi (2006) with the title "Development of Nahwu Teaching Materials Through Reconstruction of Al-Nawawi Tajdid Model Materials", his findings suggest that the development of teaching materials makes it easy for Arabic learners to understand Nahwu's rules. Similar research was also conducted by Khasairi (2000) with the title "Developing Nahwu I Teaching Material for Discourse Based on Using Interactive CDs", the results of the study stated that the teaching material produced was interesting and could increase student On this basis, researchers formulated research topics on Arabic learning innovation in Higher Education by taking focus on android-based teaching materials. However, in this article, the researcher concentrated more on the results of the feasibility test on the innovation of the development of teaching materials by taking from three perspectives, namely material experts, media experts and respondents. This research is different from the research mentioned above. Research conducted by Hanafi relating to tajdid al-Nahwi, Khasairi is related to the development of interactive CDs on Nahwu I. The material experts in this study are experts or practitioners of Arabic learning that are relevant to the Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'I course, namely Lecturers from the Department of Arabic Letter, Faculty of Letters, UM with Ph.D. or Professor qualifications. While the media experts in this study refer to learning media experts from the Department of Educational Technology, UM. Furthermore, the respondents come from a sample of students who were taking the Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'I course.

RESEARCH METHOD
Validity test in the dimension of teaching materials involves lecturers who have expertise in the field of Arabic Language Education, so it is expected to provide an optimal response in measuring these learning innovations. The lecturers involved were Lecturers of Arabic Letter, Faculty of Letters, State University of Malang.
The validity test in the field of learning media involves lecturers from the Department of Educational Technology, Faculty of Education, State University of Malang. Meanwhile, the field test involved students of the Department of Arabic Letter, Faculty of Letters, State University of Malang, which were spread over several different semesters. This is expected to increase the reliability of this research.
Collecting the data through a focused group discussion (FGD) and documentation as well as a questionnaire sheet involving cross-scientific academics that enriched the perspective in this study. The type of data generated in this study is in the form of qualitative data and quantitative data. Qualitative data come from interviews with Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i lecturers. Quantitative data come from the results of a questionnaire distributed to students who were taking Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i's teaching courses. While the research instruments used to collect data in the form of interview guidelines, validation sheets, questionnaires, and recording devices. Data analysis techniques used include data identification, data grouping, presentation and explanation of data contents, and inference. Data techniques used in quantitative data are the percentage data analysis. The formula used as stated by Toifah is 7 : : Total empirical score of all respondents in 1 item TSh : Total maximm socre in 1 item 100% : Constants The eligibility criteria are as follows:   This method begins with the provision of rules that must be understood and memorized, then examples are given. After that students are given the opportunity to do exercises to apply the rules or formulas given 12 . The advantage of this method is that it makes it easier for adult students to understand the theory right away. But the lack of methods is that students are only preoccupied with memorizing the rules and lacking the application of the learned rules. From this explanation, it can be concluded that the order of presentation in deductive teaching material is as follows, (1) the conclusion of the rules learned, (2) examples in the form of phrases, sentences and paragraphs, and (3) exercises for applying the rules 13 . Between the two methods above the researcher chooses the inductive method. This method that requires active interaction between educators and students. Teaching material developed starts by displaying examples of certain rules, followed by concluding in terms of the rules, after which exercises are displayed to improve students' understanding. The results of the exercise can be used as a value of the task by educators. A form of learning innovation that has been developed by the research team targeting sectors related to teaching materials in the Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'I course. The concrete form of learning innovation is, as follows:

. Feasibility Test from Learning Material's Perspective
To find out the advantages and disadvantages of the product produced, of course the product needs to be evaluated. In the trial there are two things that will be done, namely expert evaluation and small group testing. Expert evaluation, carried out by providing the results of products that have been developed to learning media experts and learning material experts Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i. Both experts will assess, validate, and provide input on the products produced. To improve the product, the resulting product will also be discussed with Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i lecturers. To obtain data from the trial, questionnaires and interview guidelines were used which were related to the products tested. This study photographed the results of the validity test that took aim at teaching material that had been developed by the research team. The validity test results are as follows:

Very Valid
From the table above, it can be concluded that the Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i course material based on android applications that have been produced according to material experts is very valid, while the percentage of validity and eligibility is 95%.

c. Feasibility Test from Learning Media's Perspective
The feasibility test of teaching materials in terms of learning media is conducted by lecturers who have expertise in the field (Lecturers of Educational Technology, FIP, UM). To obtain data from the trial, questionnaires and interview guidelines were used which were related to the products tested.

Very Valid
From this table, it can be concluded that the Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i course material based on Android applications that have been produced, according to media experts, is very valid, while the percentage of validity and eligibility is 95%.

d. Feasibility Test from Respondent Responses's Perspective
The field test was carried out by applying the produced item to a small group of ten students who were taking the Tarkib Mukatstsaf Ibtida'i course as well as the correspondent in this study. To obtain data from the trial, questionnaires and interview guidelines were used which were related to the products tested.