Transmisi Memori Kultural Dalam Novel Ḥiṣnu At-Turāb Dan Novel Pulang: Kajian Sastra Bandingan

Abstract

An event does not merely become a historical record; it also leaves behind traces, narratives, and memories that are transmitted to subsequent generations through family, community, language, and other cultural practices. This study examines how memory is transmitted across generations in the novel Ḥiṣnu at-Turāb in the context of the forced expulsion of the Morisco ethnic group and the novel Pulang in the context of the forced expulsion following the 1965 tragedy. Employing Jan Assmann’s cultural memory theory and a comparative literature approach, this study identifies differences in the mechanisms, characteristics, and continuity of memory transmission represented in both novels. The findings reveal that memory transmission in Ḥiṣnu at-Turāb reflects cultural memory that has been preserved for hundreds of years and demonstrates a stable character through collective cultural practices. Meanwhile, memory transmission in Pulang represents communicative memory, which is more dynamic and occurs within a shorter historical period.