The Concept of Islamic Politics in the Medina Period and Its Relevance to the Upholding of Human Rights in the Indonesian Political System
Abstract
This study analyzes the concept of Islamic politics during the Medina period and its relevance to strengthening human rights enforcement within the Indonesian political system. It employs a qualitative literature-based approach combining historical-normative analysis, integrative textual analysis, and comparative interpretation. The sources include the Medina Charter, classical Islamic political literature, national regulations, human rights institutional reports, and contemporary studies on Indonesian politics and human rights. The findings show that Medina politics embodied social contractualism, substantive justice, legal equality, minority protection, social pluralism, community participation, and leadership ethics grounded in public responsibility. These principles are normatively compatible with a democratic rule-of-law framework and may enrich human rights protection in Indonesia by strengthening accountability, protecting vulnerable groups, encouraging nondiscriminatory legislation, and expanding citizen participation. The study concludes that the contemporary relevance of Medina politics lies not in reproducing its historical institutions, but in contextually adapting its ethical principles within a pluralistic constitutional democracy committed to human dignity.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.35931/aq.v20i5.6308
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